A comparison of Computed Tomography perfusion-guided and time-guided endovascular treatments for patients with acute ischemic stroke.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The role of CT perfusion (CT-P) imaging for the selection of patients with acute ischemic stroke who may benefit from endovascular treatment is not defined. The objective of this study was to determine whether CT-P-guided endovascular treatment improves clinical outcomes compared with standard endovascular treatment based on the time interval between symptom onset and presentation and noncontrast cranial CT imaging. METHODS A retrospective study was performed comparing the clinical characteristics, complications, and clinical outcomes of patients with acute ischemic stroke who were treated using endovascular modalities based on either CT-P imaging (CT-P-guided) or time interval between symptom onset and presentation and absence of intracerebral hemorrhage or extensive ischemic changes on noncontrast cranial CT scan (time-guided). RESULTS The rates of partial and complete recanalization were similar between the CT-P- and time-guided treatment groups (n=61 [88%] versus n=103 [81%]; P=0.52) regardless of whether they received intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator before endovascular treatment. Comparing the CT-P-guided with the time-guided patients, favorable discharge outcome (modified Rankin Scale 0 to 2) was observed in 23 (32%) versus 41 (33%) of the patients, respectively (P=0.9). In-hospital mortality was observed in 15 (21%) of CT-P- and 29 (23%) of time-guided patients (P=0.74). CONCLUSIONS CT-P-guided endovascular treatment did not increase the rate of short-term favorable outcomes among patients with acute ischemic stroke. Prospective studies are required to validate the CT-P criteria and protocols currently in use before incorporating CT-P as a routine modality for patient selection for endovascular treatment.